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91.
92.
Formation and early development of tetraspores of Polysiphonia urceolata (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)
Polysiphonia urceolata is one type of potential commercial red seaweeds used for breeding and cultivation, because of its significant biochemical
and biomedical application. However, the information of breeding and seedling incubation for cultivation is limited, especially
the early development. In this study, tetrasporohyte and gametophyte of P. urceolata were taken as the study materials in Huiquan Bay, Qingdao, China. The cleaned and sterilized tetrasporophytes and gametophytes
were pre-cultured in sterilized seawater, then nurtured at 18°C, 25 μmol photons m−2 s−1 in 12:12 h (light:dark) photoperiod. Continuous observation under microscope showed that the early development consists of
bipolar division stage and seedling stage. In the division stage, tetraspores germinate into bipolar sporelings that further
differentiate into a colorless rhizoidal portion and a lightly pigmented upright shoot. The lightly pigmented rhizoidal cell
develops to a rhizoid and the larger pigmented cell transforms to an erect axis. In the seedling stage, several quasi-protuberances
appear on the erect axis and form juvenile seedlings. The results demonstrate the culture of P. urceolata from tetraspores under laboratory conditions.
Supported by National Key Technology Support Program, Development Program of China (No.2006AA09Z21), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 40618001 and N_CUHK438/06) and Shandong Agricultural Seed Stock Breeding Project 相似文献
93.
Seasonal changes in nitrogen and phosphorus transport in the lower Changjiang River before the construction of the Three Gorges Dam 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shuiwang Duan Tao Liang Shen Zhang Lijun Wang Xiumei Zhang Xibao Chen 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008
Water and sediment samples were collected at Datong from June 1998 to March 1999 to examine seasonal changes in the transports of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the Changjiang River (Yangtze River) to the East China Sea (ECS). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; dominated by nitrate) concentration exhibited small seasonality, and DIN flux was largely controlled by water discharge. Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentration was inversely correlated with water discharge, and DIP was evenly delivered throughout a year. The transports of DIN and DIP from the Changjiang River were consistent with seasonal changes in nutrient distributions and P limitation in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent ECS. Dissolved organic and particulate N (DON and PN) and P (DOP and PP) varied parallel to water discharge, and were dominantly transported during a summer flood. The fluxes of DOP and particulate bioavailable P (PBAP) were 2.5 and 4 times that of DIP during this period, respectively. PBAP accounted for 12–16% of total particulate P (PP), and was positively correlated with the summation of adsorbed P, Al–P and Fe–P. Ca–P, the major fraction of PP, increased with increasing percent of CaCO3. The remobilization of riverine DOP and PBAP likely accounted for the summer elevated primary production in DIP-depleted waters in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent ECS. The Changjiang River delivered approximately 6% of DIN (1459 × 106 kg), 1% of DIP (12 × 106 kg), and 2% of dissolved organic and particulate N and P to the totals of global rivers. The construction of the Three Gorges Dam might have substantially reduced the particulate nutrient loads, thereby augmenting P limitation in the Changjiang Estuary and ECS. 相似文献
94.
简要分析了最新的国际地球参考框架ITRF2005实现的基本情况及其相对于ITRF2000的改进,以ITRF2005为参考框架建立了新的全球板块运动模型ITRF2005VEL。建模时,首先根据测站的分布和速度场的精度对测站进行初步剔除,然后采用相似变换的方法对全球ITRF2005测站的速度场数据再进行第2次筛选。根据筛选结果利用最小二乘方法建立了全球板块运动背景场及其运动模型,给出了全球11个主要块体的运动参数。此结果与其他学者建立的模型相比,总体上有很好的一致性,但在个别块体上也有所差异。 相似文献
95.
中国化工产业布局演变与影响机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于2003—2013年的企业数据,研究了中国化工产业及其行业空间布局演化、影响因素及机理。结果表明:① 化工企业呈现沿海?陇海线?沿长江的“π”字型分布格局,集中在长三角、珠三角、环渤海、长株潭等4个热点区,天津?淄博、上海?南京、广州?茂名等化工集聚区的双核结构凸显,布局演变呈分散化趋势;② 整体上高污染、低附加值的基础化工行业由沿海地区向中西部地区转移,反之相对精细高端的行业集中在沿海地区或在沿海地区内部转移;③ 整体上港口条件、市场需求、地理区位、环境规制的影响贡献呈现下降趋势,而资源条件、外商投资、科技投入等要素的贡献上升,不同行业影响程度和趋势存在差异。 相似文献
96.
97.
脂肪肝病变大黄鱼肝脏脂肪酸组成、代谢酶活性及抗氧化能力的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
脂肪肝病变在人工养殖大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)中非常普遍,本试验研究了大黄鱼脂肪肝的发生机制,为寻找解决大黄鱼脂肪肝的有效途径提供基础资料.试验鱼取自中国东海,养殖方式和饲料来源相同,根据肉眼和组织学观察分为正常肝脏、轻微脂肪肝和严重脂肪肝3类.分别测定了正常大黄鱼和具有脂肪肝症状的大黄鱼肝脏总脂脂肪酸组成的变化、相应脂肪酸合成酶、抗氧化酶以及丙二醛含量的变化.试验结果显示,随着大黄鱼脂肪肝症状严重程度增加,肝脏总脂饱和脂肪酸和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例显著降低(P<0.05),单不饱和脂肪酸比例显著上升(P<0.05).其中严重脂肪肝花生四烯酸(ARA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)比例较正常鱼分别降低了89%,79%和78%.严重脂肪肝大黄鱼的异柠檬酸脱氢酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶活性显著高于正常鱼(P<0.05);轻微脂肪肝鱼的转氨酶活性显著低于正常鱼(P<0.05);具有脂肪肝症状的大黄鱼超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均高于正常鱼.丙二醛含量则随大黄鱼脂肪肝病变程度加剧而显著增加(P<0.05).通过分析认为,过量单不饱和脂肪酸沉积在肝脏中,导致脂肪酸合成代谢发生紊乱,可能是造成大黄鱼脂肪肝的主要原因;肝脏ARA含量大量减少使脂肪肝大黄鱼抗应激能力降低,而肝脏脂肪酸过氧化程度升高,进一步破坏肝脏的正常功能. 相似文献
98.
The role of the Indonesian Throughflow(ITF) in the influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) on ENSO is investigated using version 2 of the Parallel Ocean Program(POP2) ocean general circulation model. We demonstrate the results through sensitivity experiments on both positive and negative IOD events from observations and coupled general circulation model simulations. By shutting down the atmospheric bridge while maintaining the tropical oceanic channel, the IOD forcing is shown to influence the ENSO event in the following year, and the role of the ITF is emphasized. During positive IOD events,negative sea surface height anomalies(SSHAs) occur in the eastern Indian Ocean, indicating the existence of upwelling.These upwelling anomalies pass through the Indonesian seas and enter the western tropical Pacific, resulting in cold anomalies there. These cold temperature anomalies further propagate to the eastern equatorial Pacific, and ultimately induce a La Nia-like mode in the following year. In contrast, during negative IOD events, positive SSHAs are established in the eastern Indian Ocean, leading to downwelling anomalies that can also propagate into the subsurface of the western Pacific Ocean and travel further eastward. These downwelling anomalies induce negative ITF transport anomalies, and an El Nio-like mode in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean that persists into the following year. The effects of negative and positive IOD events on ENSO via the ITF are symmetric. Finally, we also estimate the contribution of IOD forcing in explaining the Pacific variability associated with ENSO via ITF. 相似文献
99.
100.
内地核成分与结构的确定一直是地球深部研究的重要课题。目前地核的公认成分是铁和少量的镍。但由于地核密度低于纯粹的铁镍合金(固态内核2%~3%,液态外核6%~7%),其中必定掺杂有一定量的轻元素,其种类与浓度有待确定。除成分外,地核条件下铁的晶体结构也存在争议。根据地震学观测,声波沿地轴方向的传播速度比赤道平面方向快大约3%~4%。这意味着内地核是各向异性的;但在极端高压下,晶体结构中的原子应该按致密的密排六方结构(h.c.p)排列,而h.c.p结构对声波传输是高度各向同性的,这就需要确定地核条件下铁的晶体结构。根据第一性原理计算得到的高压下体系能量以及爱因斯坦谐振子模型,本项研究估算了给定结构的自由能以及掺杂轻元素后的影响。根据计算结果可以定性的分析得出,在高压OK下致密的h.c.p结构显然比疏松的体心立方(b.c.c)更稳定;而随着温度的升高,原子核的振动造成b.c.c结构的自由能比h.c.p结构下降得更快,因此在高温下b.c.c结构更稳定;掺杂轻元素后,这种优势变得更加明显,而3.6at.%的Si则恰好同时解释了2%~3%的密度缺失和b.c.c结构在内地核条件下的稳定性。因此我们建议内地核的基本结构与成分应为以体心立方结构存在的铁,掺杂约3.6at.%的硅元素,内地核温度至少在5500K以上。这一结论与其它更复杂的方法得到的结果一致。 相似文献